Short-term borrowing (RAN, TAN) requires countersignature by which body?

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Short-term borrowing like revenue anticipation notes and tax anticipation notes must be countersigned by the body that the law designates to authorize debt. This countersignature ensures the borrowing is legally approved by the local government’s authorized representatives, providing essential oversight and control over debt. In practice, that body is typically the municipal board that has the authority to approve finances for the town or city—often the Board of Selectmen in towns or the Mayor in a city with a mayor-council form of government. The municipal clerk may certify signatures, but does not serve as the countersignature for debt. The state governor would only be involved for state-level obligations, not local notes, and the local school committee generally handles school-specific matters rather than acting as the official debt countersigner for municipal borrowing.